Age-related Macular degeneration (AMD)

What is Macular Degeneration?

Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is a condition that affects the macula, a small part of the retina that is responsible for central vision. AMD causes blurred, distorted vision, or even blind spots in the centre of your vision.

What are the different types and causes of AMD?

AMD is distinguished by being either wet or dry.

Dry AMD is the most common type of AMD. It is caused by the breakdown of cells in the macula. Dry AMD usually progresses slowly and may not cause any noticeable symptoms until it is in its later stages.
Wet AMD is less common than dry AMD, but it is more serious. It is caused by the growth of abnormal blood vessels under the macula. Wet AMD can cause sudden vision loss and may require treatment.

Risk factors for AMD

The major risk factor for AMD is age. AMD is more common in people over the age of 50. Other risk factors for AMD include:

Smoking

Family history of AMD

Race (AMD is more common in Caucasians)

Light exposure

Hypertension

Cardiovascular disease

Symptoms of AMD

The symptoms of AMD can vary depending on the type of AMD you have.

Dry AMD may not cause any symptoms in the early stages. In later stages, dry AMD may cause the following symptoms:

Blurred vision
Dark or empty spots in your vision
Difficulty seeing fine details

Wet AMD can cause sudden vision loss. Other symptoms of wet AMD include:

A sudden increase in the size of your blind spot
Seeing wavy lines or distorted images

Diagnosing AMD

AMD is diagnosed by an optometrist during an eye exam. Here at Vision One Eyecare, we can check your vision and look for changes in the macula.

Treatment for AMD

There is no cure for AMD, but there are treatments that can help slow the progression of the disease and improve vision.

Dry AMD is not usually treated unless it causes symptoms. In some cases, dry AMD may be treated with eye drops or nutritional supplements.
Wet AMD is usually treated with injections of medication into the eye. These injections can help to stop the growth of abnormal blood vessels and improve vision.

Preventing AMD

There is no sure way to prevent AMD, but there are things you can do to reduce your risk of developing the disease. These include:

Quitting smoking

Eating a healthy diet

Exercising regularly

Getting regular eye exams

Wearing sunglasses to protect your eyes from the sun

If you are concerned about AMD, talk to your optometrist. Early detection and treatment of AMD can help to preserve your vision. Book an appointment with our optometrists in Carrum Downs, Langwarrin, or Mornington today.

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